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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. What did Robert A. Taft have in common with John Quincey Adams?

2. Why were the Radical Republicans happy to see Edmund G. Ross come to the Senate?

3. What was Ross' military experience?

4. Who called Taft's speech against the Nazi war crimes trials a classic example of his muddled and confused thinking?

5. Taft supported education, health, housing, and other welfare programs against his normal conservative Republicanism. Why?

Short Essay Questions

1. What difference does Kennedy see between breaking with a political party and breaking with a section?

2. What was the downfall of Sen. Oscar W. Underwood of Alabama?

3. Sen. Lucius Lamar of Mississippi entered Congress as a secessionist but after the Civil War he worked for compromise. Why?

4. What was the Armed Ship Bill and why did Norris oppose it?

5. How did Edmund G. Ross come to the U.S. Senate from Kansas?

6. What immediate reaction came from Gov. Dewey of New York after Taft opposed the Nazi war crimes trials?

7. What were Ross' feelings about the presidency that caused him to vote the way he did even though he opposed President Andrew Johnson?

8. Why was the Jay Treaty of 1795 so unpopular in the new country of the United States?

9. What is some of the speculation regarding Ross' not revealing how he would vote until he cast his vote on the Senate floor?

10. Why is Ross called the man who saved a president?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

How do you think American history might have been completely different if Edmund Norris had voted against President Johnson?

Essay Topic 2

Write an essay on your personal idea of courage. Use some example from your life or that you know about personally.

Essay Topic 3

Interview and write about a fireman who has faced serious danger.

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