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This test consists of 5 multiple choice questions, 5 short answer questions, and 10 short essay questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What resource replaced nitrate as Chile's main export?
(a) Wool.
(b) Copper.
(c) Gold.
(d) Steel.

2. If slaves arrived in the colony and were too ill to work, what happened to them?
(a) They were put in a hospital to recover.
(b) They were sent back to Africa to recover.
(c) They were taken to the plantation anyway.
(d) They were left on the ship's deck to die.

3. What caused the Chilean nitrate business to collapse?
(a) The war with Britain.
(b) The perfection of the Haber process.
(c) The exhaustion of guano.
(d) The flood of 1923.

4. What illegal practice drains Brazil of more than $100 million a year?
(a) Filibusters.
(b) Smuggling.
(c) Polygamy.
(d) Forgery.

5. How much silver was retained in the Spanish economy from 1540-1550?
(a) About half: the silver stimulated Spain's economy while also paying off the country's debt.
(b) Exactly one-fourth: the numbers are recorded with exact precision.
(c) Almost none: the silver went to pay Spain's debts to other countries.
(d) Almost all: the silver stayed in Spain an made the country rich.

Short Answer Questions

1. Who was Augusto Cesar Sandino?

2. Where did Columbus think he had landed, even during his third voyage?

3. Why does the author feel that the USA was not plundered like Latin America?

4. For whom did Montezuma mistake the invading Europeans?

5. Especially in Guatemala, what is the structure of the labor force visibly identified with?

Short Essay Questions

1. What drove Spain to finance Columbus' expedition?

2. How did the USA attempt to discourage the world market from purchasing oil from Brazil?

3. What illegal activity costs Brazil upwards of $100 million a year?

4. Today, what resource is mined in Minas Gerais, and by whom?

5. Though coffee and petroleum are invaluable on a world market, why does Latin America still not profit from having these resources in abundance?

6. Who was Emiliano Zapata and what did he accomplish?

7. How did the USA attempt to derail the Brazilian oil market?

8. What were some of the factors in the conquistadors' victory over the native peoples of America?

9. Why must the USA import so many raw materials from abroad?

10. How has the coffee industry hurt the people of Latin America?

(see the answer keys)

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