1. What does Gardner say we call a writer who has less feeling for his characters than we feel they deserve?
(a) Mannered.
(b) Frigid.
(c) Stylized.
(d) Tedious.

2. Letters to publishing houses should ideally be addressed to whom?
(a) The assistant editor.
(b) The head editor.
(c) A particular editor.
(d) Any editor.

3. Gardner states that the ending of the novel does not exist where?
(a) In the characters.
(b) In the beginning.
(c) In the outline.
(d) In the ending.

4. What is, according to Gardner, the one quality in fiction that cannot be faked?
(a) Strangeness.
(b) Love.
(c) Honor.
(d) Beauty.

5. Where does the manuscript go after the literary editor is finished with it?
(a) Copy editor.
(b) Typesetter.
(c) Author.
(d) Publisher.

Short Answer Questions

1. Of which writer does Gardner say, "the brilliant language with which he describes a minor character cannot help but suggest that the words he chooses are more important to him than the token secretary behind the desk"?

2. There is no wrong reason to write and almost no wrong what?

3. What is the first thing that Gardner states a writer needs to have in Chapter 1?

4. Gardner describes the despair that comes while writing the first three long chapters of which of his novels?

5. What publishing house did Gardner send Grendel to first?

(see the answer key)

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