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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. How is time kept throughout the day in Troyes?

2. How often does the typical city dweller in 1250 take a bath?

3. What is a typical mattress made of in 1250?

4. How wide are Troyes' city walls?

5. Which of the following is an ideal quality of a wet nurse?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe what a tanner does.

2. Explain how currency functions in 1250 Troyes.

3. Describe the physical geography and layout of Troyes.

4. How did communes contribute to the rise of the burghers?

5. Who is a midwife, and what techniques might she use in her profession?

6. How do doctors of the 13th century differ from doctors of the Dark Ages a few centuries earlier?

7. What are the purposes of fireplaces in Troyes?

8. How is money-lending viewed in this period?

9. What do Jews tend to lend money at higher interest rates than their Christian counterparts.

10. How did the Romans influence the area that is now France?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Death and funerals are discussed in Chapter 5.

1) Discuss the importance of a detailed will. In absence of such a will, what is the danger?

2) What is penitence? How might dying individuals pursue penitence?

3) How is the body treated after death? Describe the funeral ceremony.

Essay Topic 2

Chapter 14 describes natural disasters and siege warfare. Troyes was decimated by a series of natural disasters, but managed to thrive.

1) Provide a timeline of natural disasters that befall Troyes, citing year and type of disaster.

2) Describe the steps involved in a famine. How does a famine start, and how is it perpetuated?

3) Describe a typical siege on a city the size of Troyes. Include in your discussion the various methods the attacking army might try to breach the city and any countermeasures available to the citizens.

Essay Topic 3

Chapter 6 describes the host of necessary occupations one might find in Troyes in 1250.

1) List four different types of typical craftspeople. Describe the goods they produce, and the manner in which they produce that good.

2) What is a guild? What are the advantages of joining a guild?

3) What is the nature of the master-apprentice relationship? How does an apprentice become a master? What is a journeyman?

(see the answer keys)

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