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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Posidinus, who ruled in the past time?

2. According to Seneca, what often brings the most unusual tragedies?

3. Who says there are five causes?

4. For Stoics, what are two basic elements found in any object?

5. Who wrote the Iliad?

Short Essay Questions

1. How does Seneca feel about moving to improve studies?

2. How, according to Letter LXXXIII, does Seneca spend his day?

3. What is the Stoic concept of causation?

4. Why does Seneca believe only a philosopher can appreciate wisdom?

5. What is the concept of causation according to Aristotle?

6. Why does Seneca move to the country and what effects result from the move?

7. Why does Seneca say the Stoic account of causation is better than both Aristotle's and Plato's?

8. Who was Scipio and why does Seneca praise him?

9. What advice does Seneca give Lucilius about coping with illness and the sometimes severe symptoms that accompany it?

10. What is the value of a liberal arts education, according to Seneca?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What is the Greek "golden mean" and how does it apply to Stoicism?

Essay Topic 2

Compare and contrast the lives and deaths of Socrates and Seneca.

Essay Topic 3

What is philosophy? What are ethics and what is the importance of ethics in philosophy?

(see the answer keys)

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