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Barcelona

Orwell arrives here as a journalist, but is immediately caught up in the intense revolutionary spirit of the place. He quickly joins a militia unit to fight against Fascism.

Huesca

Orwell is sent to join a POUM militia unit here, composed mostly of ILP-affiliated Englishmen.

The Militia

This is a loosely organized fighting force composed of all volunteer members. Officers were nominally in charge, but orders could be challenged or ignored, and all members were considered equals.

The Popular Army

Unlike the militia system, this had a traditional military hierarchy with about one officer for every ten soldiers. The officers received higher pay, were better equipped, and had better uniforms.

POUM (Partido Obrero de Unificaciun Marxista, or Party of Marxist Unification)

This is an anti-Stalinist and Trotskyist group, whose members also belong, largely, to UGT or CNT.

PSUC (Partit Socialista Unificat de Catalunya, or Unified Socialist Party of Catalonia)

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