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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. According to Friedman, who is the first person who wants U.S. troops in Beirut?

2. When do the Marines finish their withdrawal from Beirut?

3. What Lebanese political party helps the Israelis during the occupation?

4. Over time, who does Friedman learn to want to talk to for his information?

5. When Arafat takes over control of the PLO, what did he turn it into?

Short Essay Questions

1. How did the Syrian government handle journalists during the attack on Hama?

2. Why did Friedman refer to Yasir Arafat as the "teflon guerrilla"?

3. When and why was Arafat able to take control of the PLO?

4. If you viewed Hama from Friedman's perspective of the tradition of regional units, what does Hama represent?

5. Who or what was the Muslim Brotherhood and what did they want?

6. What is the PLO?

7. Why did the Marines return to Beirut and how were they received then?

8. What happened at the Sabra and Shatilia refugee camps when the Israelis invaded West Beirut?

9. How does Friedman learn to cope with life in Beirut?

10. What did Friedman write in an article that upset the Marines?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Why didn't the withdrawal of Arafat and the PLO from Beirut bring peace to Lebanon?

Essay Topic 2

How are Lebanon and Israel the same? Different?

Essay Topic 3

Describe Beirut before the civil war and during the civil war. What is a "fixer" and why does the author think a fixer is essential in Beirut? What is the Green Line and what role does it play?

(see the answer keys)

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