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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Why does Friedman refer to Yasir Arafat as the "teflon guerrilla"?

2. Who is one of the most famous fixers in Beirut?

3. Where does Arafat grow up?

4. What is the estimate of how many people were killed during the Hama massacre?

5. In the chapter called The End of Something, where do the peace talks among the various Lebanese factions take place?

Short Essay Questions

1. Why did the Marines return to Beirut and how were they received then?

2. Why is there support for the Israeli invasion from both political parties?

3. Why did Friedman refer to Yasir Arafat as the "teflon guerrilla"?

4. What policy did the PNC adopt during its meeting in Algiers in February, 1983?

5. What was Friedman's first story about in his high school paper?

6. When and why was Arafat able to take control of the PLO?

7. What is the Hezbollah?

8. What are the groups that basically form the Lebanon that wins independence from France in 1943?

9. What is the Green Line?

10. Why does Friedman feel that in the early 1980s the PLO is presenting itself as a victim?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

What happened at Hama and why? What is its significance in Middle Eastern politics?

Essay Topic 2

What are the obstacles to any resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict?

Essay Topic 3

Discuss Secretary of State George Schultz's attempts at a peace settlement in 1988. What did the parties involved want? Was there any chance of a successful settlement? Why or why not?

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