2. What vision did Emerson have in the Jardin de Plantes in Paris?
(a) He saw the future of science.
(b) He saw the unity of all life.
(c) He saw the cruelty of evolution.
(d) He saw the life of culture.

3. In what movement does Richardson say was Lidian ahead of Emerson?
(a) Advocating the independence of American thought.
(b) Opposition to the Indian Removal.
(c) Women's suffrage.
(d) Abolition.

4. How does Richardson characterize the year 1834 in Emerson's life?
(a) The year of trials.
(b) The turning point.
(c) The year of wonders.
(d) The year of transition.

5. How did the event described in the Prologue change Emerson's life?
(a) He retreated into solitude.
(b) His religious beliefs took him away from the church.
(c) He gave up his independence and settled down.
(d) He secluded himself to write his first work.

6. How does Richardson characterize the development of Emerson's writing in 1834?
(a) His poetry was developing.
(b) His lectures were discovering new territory.
(c) He was finding his voice.
(d) He was escaping from the voices to which he had always listened.

7. How does Richardson characterize Emerson's feelings about the changes he made after Ellen's death?
(a) Fear and freedom.
(b) Moderation and deliberation.
(c) Exhilaration and vision.
(d) Depression and doubt.

8. Who does Richardson credit with the birth of American Transcendentalism?
(a) Frederic Hedge.
(b) Emerson.
(c) Jones Very.
(d) Bronson Alcott.

9. Who was Emerson reading at the time he fell in love with Lydia Jackson?
(a) Hume.
(b) Goethe.
(c) Hegel.
(d) Fuller.

10. How does Richardson characterize Emerson's relation to other writers?
(a) He assimilates the best part of each work, and discards the rest.
(b) He is afraid of his own attraction to others' ideas, and learns to protect against his identification with others.
(c) He is greater than them, and finds himself in each of them.
(d) He is terrified before each of them, and has to figure out how to defend himself against their work.

11. According to Richardson, what religious belief did Emerson turn toward while Ellen Tucker was dying?
(a) Pantheism.
(b) Paganism.
(c) Methodism.
(d) Calvinism.

12. Who influenced Emerson during this turning point?
(a) Edward Everett.
(b) Edward Channing.
(c) Mary Moody Emerson.
(d) Samson Reed.

13. How does Richardson characterize Emerson's perspective on approaching Europe?
(a) He became a 'defensive American.'
(b) He became a citizen of the world.
(c) He abandoned his identity.
(d) He became a free-floating individual without a country.

14. How did Emerson's career change after he opened Ellen's casket?
(a) He was ordained.
(b) He left the church.
(c) He devoted himself more than ever to his preaching.
(d) He published argumentative tracts questioning the reality of religious rituals.

15. What is the main theme of Nature?
(a) The divinity of human intuition.
(b) The transcendent nature of God.
(c) The evolution of conscience.
(d) The relation between human beings and nature.