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This test consists of 15 multiple choice questions and 5 short answer questions.

Multiple Choice Questions

1. What material is this book made out of?
(a) An easily recycled polymer.
(b) Recycled paper.
(c) Recycled plastic bags.
(d) A non-toxic styrofoam.

2. Where does Bill grow up?
(a) Japan.
(b) Korea.
(c) Berlin.
(d) Germany.

3. When can PVC, a commonly used plastic in children's playground equipment, be toxic?
(a) When consumed.
(b) When exposed to carbon dioxide.
(c) When heated to high temperatures.
(d) When frequently touched or rubbed on the skin.

4. Which chemical is forbidden to use in the United States in rubber products?
(a) Nitrogen.
(b) Lithium.
(c) Benzene.
(d) Petroleum.

5. Which is an example of too much focus on efficiency?
(a) Refrigerators that can be rented.
(b) Running shoes that last 20 years.
(c) Smaller power plants that save money.
(d) Inexpensive housing in Turkey several decades ago.

6. What typically happens when materials are downcycled?
(a) Materials are reconstructed to be of better quality.
(b) Materials are recycled in a more energy-efficient process.
(c) Materials are mixed with other materials to produce a product of lesser quality.
(d) Materials are resold at a discount to consumers.

7. What is eco-efficiency?
(a) Expanding ecology and business.
(b) Getting more from less.
(c) Giving industry control.
(d) Taking more from the environment.

8. What is the difficulty with recycling heavily inked pages?
(a) The ink is a common allergen.
(b) The ink is very hard to remove, even if water soluble.
(c) The ink is very toxic if ingested.
(d) The ink is easy to remove but damages the pages in the process.

9. What is a monoculture?
(a) A crop that is superior to other crops.
(b) Multiple crops grown in a single area.
(c) A crop that is more environmentally friendly than other crops.
(d) A single crop grown year after year in the area.

10. What is the goal of Bill and Michael's new company?
(a) Create chemicals for the recycling industry.
(b) Use models from nature to create healthy, happy design.
(c) Give ideas to manufacturing companies on "less bad" design.
(d) Make a new industry on exploiting the natural environment.

11. Why are pesticides and herbicides commonly used on crops?
(a) To force crops to grow faster.
(b) To slow crop growth.
(c) To attract insects to pollinate crops.
(d) To eliminate weeds and unwanted insects from crops.

12. Which statement is the best explanation for why sports shoes are produced outside the U.S.?
(a) Countries outside the U.S. have better technology to produce sportswear.
(b) There are no regulations on quality production.
(c) There is less regulation on toxic fumes in the countries where they are produced.
(d) Countries outside the U.S. have a higher demand for sports shoes.

13. What is ecological chemistry?
(a) The use of chemicals that are dangerous to humans but good for the environment.
(b) The development or use of chemicals that are safe for the environment.
(c) The exploitation of natural chemicals in manufacturing.
(d) The study of toxic chemicals produced by animals.

14. What words best describe the environment that Michael grows up in?
(a) Communist.
(b) Scientific.
(c) Violent.
(d) Philosophical.

15. Why are car parts difficult to recycle?
(a) It is difficult to separate paint from car body parts, so it is impossible to recover the steel.
(b) The body parts have many toxic chemicals that are dangerous in the recycling process.
(c) It is very difficult to melt down steel.
(d) It is almost impossible to disassemble the body parts.

Short Answer Questions

1. Which product is NOT considered dangerous in the environment?

2. What happens when garbage is incinerated?

3. What does Paul Erlich write about?

4. Why are books problematic to recycle?

5. Which words best describe how people view nature during the Industrial Revolution?

(see the answer keys)

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