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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. When did immigrants and blacks leave their Chicago homes to fight in the Great War?

2. When did the Chicago Defender recommend that Southern blacks come North for employment?

3. During the Great War, how many aircraft engines needed to be produced in two years?

4. When did Robert Abbott establish the Chicago Defender?

5. When did most of the growth of the black population in the Black Belt occur?

Short Essay Questions

1. In Ten: "Northern Fever," how did the police in Hattiesburg try to stop the blacks from leaving the South and why did they wish to keep the blacks in the South?

2. Who was running against Bill Thompson in 1919?

3. What happened when the early shifts at the Stock Yard ended mid-afternoon in Seventeen: "Race Riot"?

4. How did the Urban League and YMCA help blacks adapt to life in Chicago in Eleven: "A Real Place for Negroes"?

5. In Twelve: "A Job, Any Job," why did Louis Swift and other industrialists like the work of T. Arnold Hill and his staff?

6. In Thirteen: "Full to Bursting," why could blacks not move to different areas than the Black Belt?

7. In March 1919, what did A. L. Jackson say about the mindset of the returned black soldier?

8. What happened at the Argo corn refinery in July of 1919?

9. How did Mayor Thompson react regarding the riot in Seventeen: "Race Riot"?

10. What was the situation throughout 1918 as migrants continued to move to Chicago?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

Many black men fought in the Great War. What did black men experience when they fought in the war? How did the experiences that they had affect their expectations of life when they returned home?

Essay Topic 2

Ida Wells-Barnett believed that it was necessary to be as “alert as the watchman on the wall” (34). Under what circumstances did Barnett make that comment? What did she mean by that comment? What is revealed about the challenges of equality for blacks by her statement?

Essay Topic 3

Irish were more likely to join unions, but some blacks did join. What experiences did blacks have with unions? How were they disillusioned regarding unions? Why did blacks become reluctant to join labor unions?

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