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This test consists of 5 short answer questions, 10 short essay questions, and 1 (of 3) essay topics.

Short Answer Questions

1. Where are the Spartan defensive tactics centering on at the start of this chapter?

2. As a result of his deformity, Ephialtes, Leonidas tells him he can not be a part of the ___________.

3. The others in the army view Ephialtes' appearance with _________________ as he hulks over to see them.

4. Xerxes wants to raise an army to smash _________ as well.

5. Who is the misshapen and hunchbacked man who approaches the Spartans?

Short Essay Questions

1. Describe the appearance of the Hot Gates where the Spartans are fighting.

2. What has happened to the missing Persian scouting group?

3. What do the Spartans do with the Persian corpses from their battle in order to intimidate others, it seems?

4. What kinds of armor and weaponry do the Persians have during battle?

5. What happens when the Persian Ambassador decides to lash Dilios?

6. What does the Persian Ambassador do, even after his significant injury?

7. Where do the Spartan defensive tactics center (location-wise) in the beginning of this chapter?

8. What is the Persian Ambassador worried about when he approaches camp?

9. What is the advantage of fighting at the Hot Gates for the Spartans or for any army that uses this location?

10. What tale does Dilios tell as the Persian Ambassador visits the Spartan camp?

Essay Topics

Write an essay for ONE of the following topics:

Essay Topic 1

The armies both want to intimidate the other army in order to get the upper hand in the battle.

Part 1: How much of a battle do you think is mental? How much is physical?

Part 2: Is it more important for any army to have mental toughness or physical toughness? Why?

Part 3: What does intimidation do to the opposing army who is being intimidated? What does the intimidation do for the army who is doing the intimidating?

Essay Topic 2

Leonidas goes through a sort of rite of passage by killing a huge wolf at the beginning of the timeline of this story.

Part 1: Describe the story of Leonidas and the wolf. What happens?

Part 2: What does the wolf symbolize in the story of Leonidas and the wolf?

Part 3: What might have happened had Leonidas never encountered the wolf as described in this story?

Essay Topic 3

The ambassador from Persia tries to get the Spartans to surrender before the battle even begins, and loses an arm at the same time.

Part 1: What would be the value of surrendering for the Spartan army? How would the Persians benefit?

Part 2: Do you think the Persian army believes the Spartans had any possibility of surrendering? Why or why not?

Part 3: Do you think it would have been a better idea for the Spartans to have surrendered? Why or why not?

(see the answer keys)

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