The kidney dialysis machine is developed.

The U.S. Food and Drug Administration reports that some cancers may be caused by commonly used coal-tar dyes.

15 Oct.

The development of a live-virus orally administered polio vaccine is announced.

9 Oct.

A cancer-immunity mechanism in human cells is discovered through research on prison volunteers.

22 Nov.

Researchers announce finding no benefit in the use of citrus-fruit extracts high in vitamin C to fight the common cold.

25 Nov.

The American Cancer Society announces that cigarette smoking and lung cancer are clearly related.