The list of 219 propositions that the bishop of Paris condemned as heretical in 1277 included the following notions:

That there is no more excellent state in life than the study of philosophy. (40)

That the only wise people in the world are the philosophers. (154)

That in order to have some certitude about any conclusion, one must base oneself on self-evident principles. (151)

That one should not believe anything unless it is self-evident or can be shown from self-evident principles. (37)

That one should not be content with authority to have certitude about any question. (150)

That nothing can be known about God except that He is, or his existence. (215).

That God does not know things other than himself. (3)

That God cannot know changeable contingent things immediately except through their particular and proximate causes. (56)

That the first cause cannot make more than one world. (34)

That all separated...