a sabre, which would fill an Englishman’s bosom with civilian spleen.  You order the Egyptian to strip and be flogged; he makes no objection to seeing his blood flow in this way; but were a cutting weapon used, his friends would stop at nothing in their fury. [FN#7] In Arabia, generally, the wound is less considered by justice and revenge, than the instrument with which it was inflicted.  Sticks and stones are held to be venial weapons:  guns and pistols, swords and daggers, are felonious. [FN#8] Europeans inveigh against this article,-which represents the “loup” of Louis XIV.’s time,-for its hideousness and jealous concealment of charms made to be admired.  It is, on the contrary, the most coquettish article of woman’s attire, excepting, perhaps, the Lisam of Constantinople.  It conceals coarse skins, fleshy noses, wide mouths, and vanishing chins, whilst it sets off to best advantage what in these lands is almost always lustrous and liquid-the eye.  Who has not remarked this at a masquerade ball? [FN#9] A certain stipend allowed by the Sultan to citizens of the Haramayn (Meccah and Al-Madinah).  It will be treated of at length in a future chapter. [FN#10] The Shaykh, or agent of the camels, without whose assistance it would be difficult to hire beasts.  He brings the Badawin with him; talks them over to fair terms; sees the “Arbun,” or earnest-money, delivered to them; and is answerable for their not failing in their engagement. [FN#11] The not returning “Salam” was a sign on the part of the Badawin that they were out to fight, and not to make friends; and the dromedary riders, who generally travel without much to rob, thought this behaviour a declaration of desperate designs.  The Badawin asked if they were Al-Madinah men; because the former do not like, unless when absolutely necessary, to plunder the people of the Holy City.  And the Daghistanis said their destination was Bir Abbas, a neighbouring, instead of Yambu’, a distant post, because those who travel on a long journey, being supposed to have more funds with them, are more likely to be molested. [FN#12] “Miyan,” the Hindustani word for “Sir,” is known to the Badawin all over Al-Hijaz; they always address Indian Moslems with this word, which has become contemptuous, on account of the low esteem in which the race is held. [FN#13] That is to say, sneaks and cowards.  I was astonished to see our Maghrabi fellow-passengers in the bazar at Yambu’ cringing and bowing to us, more like courtiers than Badawin.  Such, however, is the effect of a strange place upon Orientals generally.  In the Persians such humility was excusable; in no part of Al-Hijaz are they for a moment safe from abuse and blows. [FN#14] The night prayer. [FN#15] “Amm” means literally a paternal uncle.  In the Hijaz it is prefixed to the names of respectable men, who may also be addressed “Ya Amm Jamal!” (O Uncle Jamal!) To say “Ya Ammi!” (O my Uncle!) is more familiar, and would generally be used by a superior addressing an inferior. [FN#16] Jizyat