[FN#569] In Arab.  “Al-Kutb al-Ghauth” = lit. the pole-star of invocation for help; or simply “Al-Ghauth” is the highest degree of sanctity in the mystic fraternity of Tasawwuf.  See v. 384; and Lane (A.  N.) i. 232.  Students who would understand these titles will consult vol. iii. chapt. 12 of The Dabist n by Shaw and Troyer, Paris and London, 1843.  By the learned studies of Dr. Pertsch the authorship of this work of the religious eclecticism of Akbar’s reign, has been taken from the wrongful claimant and definitively assigned to the legitimate owner, Mobed Shah. (See Z. d.  M. G. xvi. 224.) It is regretable that the index of the translation is worthless as its contents are valuable.

[FN#570] Arab.  “Su’ub n” = cockatrice, etc., vols. i. 172; vii. 322.  Ibn Khaldun (vol. iii. 350) tells us that it was the title of a famous and fatal necklace of rubies.

[FN#571] In Ar.  “Anakati-h.” [This is a very plausible conjecture of the translator for the word written in the text:  “’Anfakati-h” = the hair between the lower lips and the chin, and then used for the chin itself.—­St.]

[FN#572] In the text “Tisht” (a basin for the ewer), which I have translated tray:  these articles are often six feet in diameter.

[FN#573] A neat touch of realism:  the youth is worn out by the genial labours of the night which have made the bride only the merrier and the livelier.  It is usually the reverse with the first post-nuptial breakfast:  the man eats heartily and the woman can hardly touch solid food.  Is this not a fact according to your experience, Mesdames?

[FN#574] In text “Tazargh¡t” a scribal error for “Zaghr¡tah.”  In Mr. Doughty (ii. 621) “Zal gh¡t” for “Zagh rit” and the former is erroneously called a “Syrian word.”  The traveller renders it by “Lullul-lullul-lullul-l .” [Immediately before, however, the correct form “hiya tazaghritu,” she was lulli-looing, had been used.  The word occurs in numerous forms, differentiated by the interchange of the dental and palatal “t” and of the liquid letters “r” and “l.”  Dozy gives:  “Zaghrata,” “Zaghlata” and “Zalghata” for the verb, and “Zaghr¡tah,” “Zaghr£tah” (both with pl.  “Zagh r¡t"), “Zalgh£tah,” “Zalghatah” (both with pl.  “Zal gh¡t"), and even a plural “Zagh l¡t” for the noun.—­St.]

[FN#575] In these cases usually an exception is made of brigands, assassins and criminals condemned for felony.  See Ibn Khaldun, iv. 189.

[FN#576] [In text:  “biyarza’ f¡ As b¡-hi” (see supra p. 294).  This is, as far as I remember, the only instance where in the Ms. the aorist is preceded by the preposition “bi,” a construction now so common in the popular dialects.  Strange as it may appear at first sight, it has a deep foundation in the grammatical sentiment, if I may say so, of the Arabic language, which always ascribed a more or less nominal character to the aorist.  Hence its inflection by Raf’ (u), Nasb (a) and