At length, in 1697, a bill for abolishing the franchises of these places passed both Houses, and received the royal assent.  The Alsatians and Savoyards were furious.  Anonymous letters, containing menaces of assassination, were received by members of Parliament who had made themselves conspicuous by the zeal with which they had supported the bill; but such threats only strengthened the general conviction that it was high time to destroy these nests of knaves and ruffians.  A fortnight’s grace was allowed; and it was made known that, when that time had expired, the vermin who had been the curse of London would be unearthed and hunted without mercy.  There was a tumultuous flight to Ireland, to France, to the Colonies, to vaults and garrets in less notorious parts of the capital; and when, on the prescribed day, the Sheriff’s officers ventured to cross the boundary, they found those streets where, a few weeks before, the cry of “A writ!” would have drawn together a thousand raging bullies and vixens, as quiet as the cloister of a cathedral.790

On the sixteenth of April, the King closed the session with a speech, in which he returned warm and well merited thanks to the Houses for the firmness and wisdom which had rescued the nation from commercial and financial difficulties unprecedented in our history.  Before he set out for the Continent, he conferred some new honours, and made some new ministerial arrangements.  Every member of the Whig junto was distinguished by some conspicuous mark of royal favour.  Somers delivered up the seal, of which he was Keeper; he received it back again with the higher title of Chancellor, and was immediately commanded to affix it to a patent, by which he was created Baron Somers of Evesham.791 Russell became Earl of Orford and Viscount Barfleur.  No English title had ever before been taken from a place of battle lying within a foreign territory.  But the precedent then set has been repeatedly followed; and the names of Saint Vincent, Trafalgar, Camperdown, and Douro are now borne by the successors of great commanders.  Russell seems to have accepted his earldom, after his fashion, not only without gratitude, but grumblingly, and as if some great wrong had been done him.  What was a coronet to him?  He had no child to inherit it.  The only distinction which he should have prized was the garter; and the garter had been given to Portland.  Of course, such things were for the Dutch; and it was strange presumption in an Englishman, though he might have won a victory which had saved the State, to expect that his pretensions would be considered till all the Mynheers about the palace had been served.792

Wharton, still retaining his place of Comptroller of the Household, obtained the lucrative office of Chief Justice in Eyre, South of Trent; and his brother, Godwin Wharton, was made a Lord of the Admiralty.793