a place settled by the Dutch, who built there a clever little town, which went on increasing every day,”—­now called New York. (The termination in _-ung_ is the locative affix.) New York Island was sometimes spoken of as ‘the island’—­’Manate,’ ‘Manhatte;’ sometimes as ’an island’—­Manathan, Menatan, ‘Manhatan;’ more accurately, as ’the small island’—­Manhaates, Manattes, and ‘the Manados’ of the Dutch.  The Island Indians collectively, were called Manhattans; those of the small island, ‘Manhatesen.’  “They deeply mistake,” as Gov.  Stuyvesant’s agents declared, in 1659,[44] “who interpret the general name of Manhattans, unto the particular town built upon a little Island; because it signified the whole country and province.”

[Footnote 43:  Description of New Sweden, b. ii. c. 8. (Duponceau’s translation.)]

[Footnote 44:  N.Y.  Hist.  Soc.  Collections, iii. 375.]

Manisses or Monasses, as Block Island was called, is another form of the diminutive,—­from munnoh; and Manhasset, otherwise written, Munhansick, a name of Shelter Island, is the same diminutive with the locative affix, munna-es-et.  So is ‘Manusses’ or ‘Mennewies,’ an island near Rye, N.Y.,—­now written (with the southern form of the locative,) Manussing.

Montauk Point, formerly Montauket, Montacut, and by Roger Williams, Munnawtawkit, is probably from manati, auke, and _-it_ locative; ‘in the Island country,’ or ‘country of the Islanders.’

The other name of ‘Island,’ in Algonkin languages, is AHQUEDNE or OCQUIDNE; with the locative; ahquednet, as in Acts xxvii. 16.  (Compare, Cree, akootin, “it suspends, is sit-uate, e.g. an island in the water,” from akoo, a verbal root “expressive of a state of rest.”  Howse’s Grammar, p. 152.  Micmac, agwitk, “it is in the water;” whence, Ep-agwit, “it lies [sits?] in the water,"[45] the Indian name of Prince Edward’s Island.) This appears to have been restricted in its application, to islands lying near the main land or spoken of with reference to the main land.  Roger Williams learned from the Narragansetts to call Rhode Island, Aquiday, Aquednet, &c., ‘the Island’ or ‘at the Island,’ and a “little island in the mouth of the Bay,” was Aquedenesick,[46] or Aquidneset, i.e. ’at the small island.’

[Footnote 45:  Dawson’s Acadian Geology, App. p. 673.]

[Footnote 46:  4th Mass.  Hist.  Collections, vi. 267.]

Chippaquiddick, the modern name of an island divided by a narrow strait from Martha’s Vineyard, is from cheppi-aquidne, ’separated island.’