[561:1] Song of Solomon, vi. 9; Ps. xlv. 9.  “Sub Apostolis nemo
Catholicus vocabatur.....Cum post Apostolos haereses extitissent,
diversisque nominibus columbam Dei atque reginam lacerare per partes et
scindere niterentur; nonno cognomen suum ecclesia postulabat, quae
incorrupti populi distingueret unitatem?”

[562:1] Pacian, “Epist. to Sympronian,” secs. 5 and 8.  Pacian is said to have been bishop of Barcelona.  He died A.D. 392.

[562:2] Epist. lxix. 265, 266.

[563:1] Justin Martyr, Opera, p. 99.

[563:2] According to the “Apostolic Constitutions” the deacons were not at liberty to baptize.  Lib. viii. c. 28.

[563:3] “De Baptismo,” c. 17.

[563:4] Tertullian thus corroborates the testimony of Jerome.

[563:5] “In the sixth century the clergy of Italy complained to Justinian that, owing to the vacancy of sees, ’an immense multitude of people died without baptism.’  Even so late as the time of Hinemar (the ninth century) baptisms were still performed by the bishop, and they alone were considered canonical.”—­Palmer’s Episcopacy Vindicated, p. 35, note.

[564:1] “It appears to have been the custom at Rome and other places to send from the cathedral church the bread consecrated to the several parish churches.”—­Stillingfleet’s Irenicum, pp. 369, 370.  “Thomassinus shown that in the fifth century the presbyters of Rome did not consecrate the Eucharist in their respective churches, but it was sent to them from the principal church.”—­Palmer, p. 35, note.

[564:2] Thus Rome is called the “principal Church” in regard to Carthage.  Cyprian, Epist. lv. p. 183.

[564:3] Tertullian apparently refers to this when he says—­“Una omnes probant unitate communicatio pacis et appellatio fraternitatis, et contesseratio hospitalitatis.”—­De Praescrip. c. 20.

[564:4] “Ecclesiis apostolicis matricibus et originalibus fidei.”

[565:1] “Cathedrae apostolorum suis locis praesident.”  These words clearly indicate that the Churches founded by the apostles were now recognized as centres of unity for the surrounding Christian communities.

[565:2] It is worthy of note that, in the second canonical epistle ever written by Paul, he warns this Church of the coming of the Man of Sin. (2 Thess. ii. 3.) It appears from the text that thus early it was identified with the system which resulted in the establishment of the Papacy.  It is equally remarkable that the bishop of Thessalonica was the first Papal Vicar ever appointed.  See Bower’s “History of the Popes,” Damasus, thirty-sixth bishop; and Gieseler, i. 264.

[565:3] “De Praescrip.” xxi., xxxvi.