[Footnote 347:  For real suffering cannot be removed by mere distinctive knowledge on which—­according to the Sa@nkhya also—­release depends.]

[Footnote 348:  This in answer to the remark that possibly the conjunction of soul and pradhana may come to an end when the influence of Darkness declines, it being overpowered by the knowledge of Truth.]

[Footnote 349:  I.e. according as they are atoms of earth, water, fire, or air.]

[Footnote 350:  Parima/nd/ala, spherical is the technical term for the specific form of extension of the atoms, and, secondarily, for the atoms themselves.  The latter must apparently be imagined as infinitely small spheres.  Cp.  Vi/s/.  Sut.  VII, 1, 20.]

[Footnote 351:  Viz. during the period of each pralaya.  At that time all the atoms are isolated and motionless.]

[Footnote 352:  When the time for a new creation has come.]

[Footnote 353:  The &c. implies the activity of the Lord.]

[Footnote 354:  The inherent (material) cause of an atomic compound are the constituent atoms, the non-inheient cause the conjunction of those atoms, the operative causes the ad/ri/sh/ta/ and the Lord’s activity which make them enter into conjunction.]

[Footnote 355:  I.e. in all cases the special form of extension of the effect depends not on the special extension of the cause, but on the number of atoms composing the cause (and thereby the effect).]

[Footnote 356:  In order to escape the conclusion that the non-acceptance of the doctrine of Brahman involves the abandonment of a fundamental Vai/s/eshika principle.]

[Footnote 357:  I.e. forms of extension different from sphericity, &c.]

[Footnote 358:  The first of the three Sutras quoted comprises, in the present text of the Vai/s/eshika-sutras, only the following words, ‘Kara/n/abahutva/k/ ka;’ the ka of the Sutra implying, according to the commentators, mahattva and pra/k/aya.—­According to the Vai/s/eshikas the form of extension called a/n/u, minute, has for its cause the dvitva inherent in the material causes, i.e. the two atoms from which the minute binary atomic compound originates.—­The form of extension called mahat, big, has different causes, among them bahutva, i.e. the plurality residing in the material causes of the resulting ‘big’ thing; the cause of the mahattva of a ternary atomic compound, for instance, is the tritva inherent in the three constituent atoms.  In other cases mahattva is due to antecedent mahattva, in others to pra/k/aya, i.e. accumulation.  See the Upaskara on Vai/s/.  Sut.  VII, 1, 9; 10.]

[Footnote 359:  I.e. if the Vai/s/eshikas have to admit that it is the nature of sphericity, &c. not to produce like effects, the Vedantin also may maintain that Brahman produces an unlike effect, viz. the non-intelligent world.]

[Footnote 360:  Like other things, let us say a piece of cloth, which consists of parts.]