of the child with the person who tends it is for it a continual source of sexual excitement and satisfaction flowing from the erogenous zones, especially since the fostering person—­as a rule the mother—­regards the child with emotions which proceed from her sexual life; strokes it, kisses it, rocks it, and very plainly treats it as a compensation for a fully valid sexual object.”  Freud remarks that girls who retain the childish character of their love for their parents to adult age are apt to make cold wives and to be sexually anaesthetic.

[170] Esbach (in his These de Paris, published in 1876) showed that even the finger nails are affected in pregnancy and become measurably thinner.

[171] C.H.  Stratz, Die Schoenheit des Weiblichen Koerpers, Chapter VI.

[172] Iron appears to be liberated in the maternal organism during pregnancy, and Wychgel has shown (Zeitschrift fuer Geburtshuelfe und Gynaekologie, bd. xlvii, Heft II) that the pigment of pregnant women contains iron, and that the amount of iron in the urine is increased.

[173] Vinay, Maladies de la Grossesse, Chapter VIII; K. Hennig, “Exploratio Externa,” Comptes-rendus du XIIe.  Congres International de Medecine, vol. vi, Section XIII, pp. 144-166.  A bibliography of the literature concerning the physiology of pregnancy, extending to ten pages, is appended by Pinard to his article “Grossesse,” Dictionnaire Encyclopedique des Sciences Medicales.

[174] Stratz, op. cit., Chapter XII.

[175] W.S.A.  Griffith, “The Diagnosis of Pregnancy,” British Medical Journal, April 11, 1903.

[176] J. Mackenzie and H.O.  Nicholson, “The Heart in Pregnancy,” British Medical Journal, October 8, 1904; Stengel and Stanton, “The Condition of the Heart in Pregnancy,” Medical Record, May 10, 1902 and University Pennsylvania Medical Bulletin, Sept., 1904 (summarized in British Medical Journal, August 16, 1902, and Sept. 23, 1905.)

[177] J. Henderson, “Maternal Blood at Term,” Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, February, 1902; C. Douglas, “The Blood in Pregnant Women,” British Medical Journal, March 26, 1904; W.L.  Thompson, “The Blood in Pregnancy,” Johns Hopkins Hospital Bulletin, June, 1904.

[178] H.O.  Nicholson, “Some Remarks on the Maternal Circulation in Pregnancy,” British Medical Journal, October 3, 1903.

[179] J. Morris Slemans, “Metabolism During Pregnancy,” Johns Hopkins Hospital Reports, vol. xii, 1904.

[180] B. Wolff, Zentralblatt fuer Gynaekologie, 1904, No. 26.

[181] Tridandani, Annali di Ostetrica, March, 1900.

[182] R. Barnes, “The Induction of Labor,” British Medical Journal, December 22, 1894.

[183] See, e.g., Havelock Ellis, Man and Woman, fourth edition, pp. 344, et seq.

[184] Arthur Giles, “The Longings of Pregnant Women,” Transactions Obstetrical Society of London, vol. xxxv, 1893.