by the logic of Zionism or the logic of purely English supremacy and, impartiality; and not by what seems to everybody in Palestine a monstrous muddle of the two.  But of course it is not only the peril in Palestine that has made the realisation of the Jewish problem, which once suffered all the dangers of a fad, suffer the opposite dangers of a fashion.  The same journalists who politely describe Jews as Russians are now very impolitely describing certain Russians who are Jews.  Many who had no particular objection to Jews as Capitalists have a very great objection to them as Bolshevists.  Those who had an innocent unconsciousness of the nationality of Eckstein, even when he called himself Eckstein, have managed to discover the nationality of Braunstein, even, when he calls, himself Trotsky.  And much of this peril also might easily have been lessened, by the simple proposal to call men and things by their own names.

I will confess, however, that I have no very full sympathy with the new Anti-Semitism which is merely Anti-Socialism.  There are good, honourable and magnanimous Jews of every type and rank, there are many to whom I am greatly attached among my own friends in my own rank; but if I have to make a general choice on a general chance among different types of Jews, I have much more sympathy with the Jew who is revolutionary than the Jew who is plutocratic.  In other words, I have much more sympathy for the Israelite we are beginning to reject, than for the Israelite we have already accepted.  I have more respect for him when he leads some sort of revolt, however narrow and anarchic, against the oppression of the poor, than when he is safe at the head of a great money-lending business oppressing the poor himself.  It is not the poor aliens, but the rich aliens I wish we had excluded.  I myself wholly reject Bolshevism, not because its actions are violent, but because its very thought is materialistic and mean.  And if this preference is true even of Bolshevism, it is ten times truer of Zionism.  It really seems to me rather hard that the full storm of fury should have burst about the Jews, at the very moment when some of them at least have felt the call of a far cleaner ideal; and that when we have tolerated their tricks with our country, we should turn on them precisely when they seek in sincerity for their own.

But in order to judge this Jewish possibility, we must understand more fully the nature of the Jewish problem.  We must consider it from the start, because there are still many who do not know that there is a Jewish problem.  That problem has its proof, of course, in the history of the Jew, and the fact that he came from the East.  A Jew will sometimes complain of the injustice of describing him as a man of the East; but in truth another very real injustice may be involved in treating him as a man of the West.  Very often even the joke against the Jew is rather a joke against those who have made the joke; that