Latitude observed, 40 deg. 551/2’ S.
Tenth I., distant four miles, S. 87 E.
Stony Head, dist. six or seven miles, S. 62 E.
A low head, distant ten miles, S. 35 W.
Western extreme of the land, S. 53 W.

Stony Head is the extremity of a ridge of hills which branches out from the inland mountains, and stretches across the low, sandy land in front, to the sea.  On each side of the ridge there were several smokes, which induced me to suppose the flat lands might contain lakes of fresh water.  The low head, bearing S. 35 deg.  W. seemed to be the termination of another branch from the inland mountains; round it there was some appearance of an opening, and at two o’clock, this excited so much hope that I ventured to bear away before the wind.  We advanced rapidly with the flood, and at four, had passed LOW HEAD and were steering S. E. by S., up an inlet of more than a mile wide.  Some shoals, not quite covered, we left on the starbord hand; keeping a straight course for the entrance of a basin or bay, at which the inlet seemed to terminate.  This course took us over some strong ripplings of tide, on none of which, however, there was less than 5 fathoms; and so soon as they were passed, 13 fathoms did not reach the bottom.  After advancing three miles, we approached a low, green island, lying nearly in mid-channel; and being uncertain which was the deepest side, I took the most direct, which lay to the west.  From 8 fathoms, the next cast of the lead was 31/2, and immediately the sloop was aground.  Fortunately, the bottom was soft, and the strong flood dragged her over the bank without injury.  The water deepened again as quick; and when the channel on the east side of Green Island was open, there was no bottom at 13 fathoms.

We could not but remark the contrast between the shores of this inlet, covered with grass and wood down to the water’s edge, and the rocky sterile banks observed in sailing up Port Jackson:  it spoke favourably for the country, and added to the satisfaction we felt in having made the discovery.  There was, however, little time for meditation:  the tide drove the sloop rapidly onward to the basin; and the evening coming on, I pushed between some dry rocks and a point on the western side, and anchored in 2 fathoms, on a bottom of sand and mud.

There appeared to be three arms, or rivers, discharging themselves into this extensive basin.  That which came from the westward., had its embouchure close to the sloop; and Mr. Bass went off in the boat to look up it.  His attention was, however, soon called to another pursuit:  a number of black swans were swimming before him, and judging from former experience in Western Port, that several of them were unable to fly, he gave chase with the boat.  On his return at dusk, he rejoiced us with the sight of four, and with a promise that we should not be in want of fresh provisions in this port.