54. ¶ The Carthaginians made propositions to Scipio through heralds, and of the demands made upon them by him there was none that did not promise to satisfy, although they never intended to carry out their agreement; they did, to be sure, give him money at once and gave back all the prisoners, but in regard to the other matters they sent envoys to Rome.  The Romans would not receive them at that time, declaring that it was a tradition in the State not to negotiate a peace with any parties while their armies were in Italy.  Later when Hannibal and Mago had embarked, they granted the envoys an audience and fell into a dispute among themselves, being of two minds.  At last, however, they voted the peace on the terms that Scipio had arranged. (Ursinus, p. 380.  Zonaras, 9, 13.)

55. ¶ The Carthaginians attacked Scipio both by land and by sea.  Scipio, vexed at this, made a complaint, but they returned no proper answer to the envoys and moreover actually plotted against them when they sailed back; and had not by chance a wind sprung up and aided them, they would have been captured or would have perished.  On this account Scipio, although at this time the commissioners arrived with peace for the men of Carthage, refused any longer to make it. (Ursinus, p. 380.  Zonaras, 9, 13.)

56.  Nearly all who conduct a military expedition,—­or many, at any rate,—­perform voluntarily many acts which would not be required of them.  They look askance at their instructions as something forced upon them, but are delighted with the projects of their own minds because they feel themselves so far independent. (Valesius, p. 609.)

57.  Dio in Book 17:  “He suddenly halted in his running.” (Bekker, Anecd., p. 140, 23.  Zonaras, 9, 14.)

58.  Dio in Roman History 17:  “In general the fortunate party is inclined to audacity and the unfortunate to moderate behavior, and accordingly, the timid party is wont to show temperance and the audacious intemperance.  This was to be noted to an especial degree in that case.” [Footnote:  This may conceivably relate to Masinissa’s marrying Sophoniba without authorization.] (Suidas s. v. [Greek:  host hephipan])

59.  Dio in Roman History 17:  “And a report about them of same such nature as follows was made public.” (Suidas and Etymologicum Magnum and others s. v. [Greek:  hedemhothe].)

60. [Greek:  henthymixhomenoi] = calculating.  So Dio in Book 17, Roman History. (Suidas or Etym. in Cramer.  Anecd., Paris, Vol.  IV, p. 169, 8.  Zonaras, Lex., p. 750.)

61. [Greek:  diathithemi] ("arrange”) for [Greek:  diaprhattomai] ("accomplish"), with the accusative in Dio, Book 18:  “And culling all the best flowers of philosophy.” (Bekker, Anecd., p. 133, 29.) [This is from two glosses, and there is confusion caused by gaps.—­Ed.]