If there were a way to attract some sort of ink to the different regions of conduction, a reproduction of the image could be made.
In 1938 Carlson and an assistant, Otto Kornei, made the first photocopy by projecting a slide image onto a piece of sulfur-coated zinc. This charged up the surface. After that they covered it with a powder of lycopodium (the spores of a moss). They blew off the powder and saw that it had glued itself to the sulfur, showing the words "10-22-38 Astoria," a fuzzy but true reproduction of their slide.
Carlson took his invention to Kodak, IBM, General Electric, and other companies, all of which turned him down. In 1944 Carlson met a researcher from the Battelle Memorial Institute, a non-profit group which funded his research. Carlson and Battelle joined up with the Haloid Company, a maker of photographic paper, in 1946. Eventually the two merged and changed the company name to XeroX in 1961. (The X at the end was in imitation of Kodak, and was later changed to a lower case x.) The word came from their term for photocopying, xerography—xero was Greek for dry, and graphos was writing. Today the generic term photocopying has replaced xerography.
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