The development of treatment programs for the age-old problem of drug and alcohol abuse has been a fairly recent phenomenon. Most formal treatment programs were founded in the latter half of the twentieth century; the mid-1960s were a period of significant focus on U.S. social programs. Growing out of President Lyndon B. Johnson's Great-Society strategy was a new way of viewing the community's capacity to take ownership of its social problems, develop collaborative strategies, and heal its own wounds. Toward that end, a newlexicon emerged—community-based, storefront, and streetworker—to identify but a few terms. The programs that evolved from this movement employ a variety of treatment philosophies; some treatment centers target a specific gender, ethnic, or age group. This article presents an over-view of some significant drug and alcohol abuse treatment...