Louis Pasteur is known as the "father of bacteriology."

French Chemist and Microbiologist 1822-1895

Louis Pasteur, the father of modern bacteriology, was born on December 27, 1822, in Dôle in eastern France. Pasteur proved that microorganisms cause fermentation and disease; he also originated the process known as pasteurization. Pasteur created vaccinations for rabies, anthrax, and chicken cholera. He is also credited with saving the beer, wine, and silk industries in France during his time.

Pasteur, the son of a tanner, attended primary and secondary schools in Arbois and Besançon. As a boy he showed more interest in art than science. Pasteur attended the Royal College in Besançon, earning his bachelor of arts degree in 1840 and bachelor of science degree in 1842. The following year, he attended the École Normale Supérieure in Paris, earning his master of science degree in 1845, and his doctor of philosophy degree...