World War I had a profound impact on American society, expanding the size, role, and power of the federal government and dramatically changing its relationship with both business and labor. Wartime expansion brought together government and corporate America as never before, planting the seeds for the massive bureaucratic state that would become the American political economy. Prior to the war, many Progressive reformers fought for a more active government and regulation of businesses to combat abuses in the workplace and problems associated with the rapidly growing cities. In the absence of the right to bargain collectively, workers struggled with low wages, long hours, unsafe working conditions, child labor, and other prolonged forms of exploitation. It would take a world war to bring about improvement for many working Americans. But although World War I brought gains for the national trade unions, and especially...