Of Kiowa, Cherokee, and Anglo descent, N. Scott Momaday (whose Kiowan name is Tsoai-talee, which means "Rock Tree Boy") was born in Oklahoma and raised in New Mexico. He lived on the Jemez Reservation and received degrees from the University of New Mexico and Stanford University. In his novel House Made of Dawn, Momaday illustrates the profound displacement experienced by many American Indians in the post-World War 11 era. The novel shows both the war's devastating effects on Indian veterans as well as the equally detrimental U.S. policy toward the general American Indian population in the postwar period. Momaday's novel also incorporates elements of the culture and tradition that tribes have managed to sustain on reservations such as the Jemez Pueblo, portraying the strength that can be drawn from these traditions.
American Indians and World War II. Some 25,000 American Indians served in the military during World War II. Described as the first largescale exodus of indigenous peoples from the reservations since the defeat of their ancestors by whites in the 1800s, the international conflict was a turning point in American Indian history.
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