Factory Act
Great Britain 1833
Synopsis
In 1833 the British Whig government passed a factory act that applied to textile manufactures. This was the culmination of intensive lobbying on the part of working-class organizations and humanitarian individuals. The act forbade the employment of children under age nine and limited the employment of children under age 13 to nine hours a day and children under 18 to 12 hours. The act also forbade night work for children and set up the first system of factory inspectors. Although a disappointment to those hoping and working for a 10-hour day for all laborers, the Factory Act was the first major state intervention in the conditions of factory labor and set precedents for further factory acts in 1844, 1847, 1850, and 1853.
Timeline
- 1809: Progressive British industrialist Robert Owen proposes an end to employment of children in his factories. When his partners reject the idea, he forms an alliance with others of like mind, including the philosopher Jeremy Bentham.
- 1813: Jane Austen publishes Pride and Prejudice.
- 1818: Donkin, Hall & Gamble "Preservatory" in London produces the first canned foods.
- 1824: Ludwig van Beethoven composes his Ninth Symphony.
- 1829: Greece wins its independence after a seven-year war with Turkey.
- 1831:
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