Moreover, Gilbert assumed that most of the meteor survived its impact with Earth. Gilbert, therefore, assumed that if a meteor collision was responsible for the crater, substantial pieces of the meteor should still exist and there should be ample and direct physical evidence of the size of the meteor. When upon observation it became apparent that there was no substantial mass inside the crater, Gilbert assumed that the meteor might have been covered with the passage of time. Assuming the meteor to be like other known meteorites and similar in percentage of
iron composition to the smaller meteors found around the crater, Gilbert looked for magnetic evidence in a effort to find the elusive meteor. Gilbert's repeated tests found no evidence for such a buried mass. After carefully examining the crater, Gilbert concluded that, in the absence of the evidence he assumed would be associated with a meteor impact, the crater had resulted from subterranean activity.
In 1902, Daniel Moreau Barringer, an American entrepreneur and mining engineer, began a study of the Arizona crater and took up the opposing view.
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