In The Advancement of Learning (1605), he defended the pursuit of knowledge and surveyed the whole world of knowledge as it existed in his time. In The Great Instauration (1620), Bacon sketcheda vast plan for his new scientific philosophy with technological powers, including the The New Organon, which proposed a new logic of inductive reasoning. Although he never completed this plan, he published many writings that worked out parts of it. In his Essays (1625), his most popular work, he offered scattered but penetrating observations on human life. In New Atlantis (published posthumously in 1627), he wrote a utopian fable about a society ruled by what would today be called a technoscientific research institute.
Bacon's philosophical argument was that human beings needed to reconstruct all knowledge based on natural philosophy or physics, which required studying the laws of nature as physical regularities that can be established by observation and experimentation. Beginning with Socrates (470–399 B.C.E.), many philosophers have regarded natural philosophy as less important for understanding human life than moral philosophy and theology. But Bacon thought that natural philosophy should be regarded as "the great mother of the sciences" (Bacon 2000, pp.
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