Risālah ilā ahl al-thaghr bi-Bāb al-Abwāb (Epistle to the People of the Frontier at Bāb al-Abwāb [Darband]) is a brief compendium of his teachings, composed shortly after his conversion.
Al-lumaʿ (The Concise Remarks) is a short, general compendium or summa that was evidently the most popular, if not the most important, of al-Ashʿarī's theological writings; commentaries were written on the Lumaʿ by al-Bāqillānī (d. 1013) and Ibn Fūrak (d. 1015) and a refutation of it, Naqd al-Lumaʿ (Critique of the Concise Remarks), by the Muʿtazili qāḍi ("judge") Abd al-Jabbār al-Hamadānī (d. 1024). The evidence of direct citations of the Lumaʿ made by al-Ashʿarī's followers seems to indicate that there were originally two recensions of the work, of which the one available at present is the shorter.Al-īmān (Belief) is a short work on the nature of belief.Al-ibānah ʿan uṣūl al-diyānah (The Clear Statement on the Fundamental Elements of the Faith) is a polemical and apologetic exposition of basic dogma, ostensibly written against the Muʿtazilah and the followers of Jahm ibn Ṣafwān (d.
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