1. Secular Origin in Plato and Aristotle
The thesis that words fit in literal meaning to diverse verbal contexts that reflect differences of reality—the analogy theory—has its origin in secular philosophy. For Plato, things that share in the Forms are not said to exist in the same sense as the Forms (compare Sophist; Parmenides), and the Form "Human" is what-it-is-to-be-human, and thus is human, but not in the sense in which Callicles is human by participating in the Form. Further, Plato used the same names, such as the courageous man and the courageous act, just/state; just/man, for things related as cause to effect and sign to signified.
Aristotle used those distinctions, added more, and regarded real, entitative analogy, reflected in word-meaning, as central to his explanatory principles.
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