Who is Arthur Schopenhauer from The Story of Philosophy and what is their importance?

Arthur Schopenhauer is born in 1788 and lives until 1860. Schopenhauer is born in Dantzig, Poland. The family moves to Hamburg in 1793 when Poland is annexed. Arthur's youth exposes him to business and finance which gives him a blunt manner, realistic mind and knowledge of the world and of men. His mother is cold, competitive, heartless and unloving which seems to doom him to pessimism.