Discuss the significance of the novel's theme. Why did Santiago have to travel so far when the treasure was at home the whole time? What life lesson does this book communicate to the reader?

I think one has to follow their personal dream to evolve. The journey is when transformation takes place, even when that dream leads one back to their starting place. By the end of the story, Santiago has been completely changed by his journey, and yet he remains the same person. He is refined, tried and transformed just as metal is when it becomes gold. He is rewarded because he has successfully navigated through life's trials, problems and difficulties and become a transformed being. Santiago's journey represents the road of life and the unanticipated challenges and problems that life presents. The way Santiago approaches his journey is a reflection of the way he faces all decisions in life.