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Scientists begin to analyze genes that were altered in mutant viruses and attempted to isolate the gene in the virus. The gene, the SRC gene, is also known as the sarc, short for sarcoma. SRC is a proto-oncogenic tyrosine kinase originally discovered by J. Michael Bishop and Harold E. Varmus, for which they won the 1989 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine.[1] It belongs to a family of non-receptor tyrosine kinases called SRC family kinases. The discovery of SRC family proteins has been instrumental to the modern understanding of cancer as a disease where normally healthy cellular signaling has gone awry.