Discipline and Punish

Summarize the section titled, Prison, from Foucault's, Discipline and Punish.

Discipline and Punish

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The first part, entitled, Torture, begins with two contrasting images. The first is a description the 1757 public execution of Robert-Francois Damiens, who was condemned to death for attempted regicide, and the second is an 1838 daily prison schedule. Foucault writes that he wants to explore the forces that made the second style of punishment emerge from the first. Absolutist France was characterized by “supplice,” a means of punishment that targeted the body, through a public spectacle that involved execution and torture of criminals. During this time, crimes were seen as a direct attack against the King, who consequently had the right to revenge on the criminal’s body; this was done in public as an affirmation of the sovereign’s power. Despite the gruesome nature of torture, Foucault contends that he wishes to push back against the notion that punishment has become more humane over time. With this in mind, Foucault writes that he will investigate “the microphysics of power,” the covert mechanisms through which power relations are inscribed onto the individual body.

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