[2] This edifice was built under the superintendence of Ghauzee ood deen
    Hyder, first King of Oude; and it is here his remains are deposited. 
    May his soul rest in peace! [Author.] [This building was named after
    Shah Najaf or Najaf Ashraf, the scene of the martyrdom of ’Ali,
    120 miles south-west of Baghdad.  The capture of the Shah Najaf, in
    which the guns of Captain Peel played a leading part, was a notable
    incident in the relief of Lucknow by Sir Colin Campbell.—­T.R.E. 
    Holmes, History of the Indian Mutiny (1885), 398 ff.]

[3] The Gumti, Gomati, ‘abounding in cattle’.

[4] The fish is a symbol of sovereignty, or authority emanating from the
    sovereign, in Hindoostaun, since the period of Timour.—­Possessors of
    Jaghires, Collectors of Districts, &c., have permission to use the
    fish, in the decorations on their flags, in the way similar to our
    armorial bearings.  In Oude the fish is represented in many useful
    articles—­pleasure boats, carriages, &c.  Some of the King’s Chobdhaars
    carry a staff representing a gold or silver fish. [Author.] [The
    Order of the Fish (mahi maratib) is said to have been founded
    by Khusru Parviz, King of Persia (A.D. 591-628), and thence
    passed to the Moghul Emperors of Delhi and to the Court of Oudh.—­W.H. 
    Sleeman, Rambles and Recollections, ed.  V.A.  Smith, 135 ff.]

[5] Nasir-ud-din Haidar, son of Ghazi-ud-din Haidar, whom
    he succeeded in 1827, died, poisoned by his own family, in 1837.  ’He
    differed from his father, Ghazi-ud-din Haidar, in being
    considerably more debauched and disreputable.  His father had been an
    outwardly decent hedonist and voluptuary, but the son was under no
    restraints of any sort or kind, and it is probable that his character
    was not unfavourably depicted in that highly coloured sketch, “The
    Private Life of an Eastern King” (by W. Knighton, 1855).  “Any one”, we
    are told, “was his friend who would drink with him,” and his whole
    reign was one continued satire upon the subsidiary and protected
    system.’—­H.C.  Irwin, The Garden of India, p. 117.

[6] Harkara, ‘a messenger, orderly’.

[7] Palki, the common palanquin or litter; chandol, usually carried
    by four men at each end (a drawing representing one carried by twelve
    men will be found in N. Manucci, Storia do Mogor, iv. 32, and see ii.
    76 f.;) miyana, a middle-sized litter out of which the type used
    by Europeans was developed; the Anglo-Indian ‘dhooly’, properly
    duli; the rath is a kind of bullock-carriage, often with
    four wheels, used by women and by portly merchants.

[8] Known as ’Ashura.

[9] See a graphic account of the procession at Bombay in Sir G. Birdwood,
    Sva, 177 ff.