55.  As dead friend.  Reformers denied the possibility of ghosts, and said the appearances so called were devils.  James I. and his opinion. 56.  The common people believed in the ghosts.  Bishop Pilkington’s troubles. 57.  The two theories.  Illustrated in “Julius Caesar,” “Macbeth.” 58.  And “Hamlet.” 59.  This explains an apparent inconsistency in “Hamlet.” 60.  Possession and obsession.  Again the Catholics and Protestants differ. 61.  But the common people believe in possession. 62.  Ignorance on the subject of mental disease.  The exorcists. 63.  John Cotta on possession.  What the “learned physicion” knew. 64.  What was manifest to the vulgar view.  Will Sommers.  “The Devil is an Ass.” 65.  Harsnet’s “Declaration,” and “King Lear.” 66.  The Babington conspiracy. 67.  Weston, alias Edmonds.  His exorcisms.  Mainy.  The basis of Harsnet’s statements. 69.  The devils in “Lear.” 70.  Edgar and Mainy.  Mainy’s loose morals. 71.  The devils tempt with knives and halters. 72.  Mainy’s seven devils:  Pride, Covetousness, Luxury, Envy, Wrath, Gluttony, Sloth.  The Nightingale business. 73.  Treatment of the possessed:  confinement, flagellation. 74.  Dr Pinch.  Nicknames. 75.  Other methods.  That of “Elias and Pawle”.  The holy chair, sack and oil, brimstone. 76.  Firing out. 77.  Bodily diseases the work of the devil.  Bishop Hooper on hygiene. 78.  But devils couldn’t kill people unless they renounced God. 79.  Witchcraft. 80.  People now-a-days can’t sympathize with the witch persecutors, because they don’t believe in the devil.  Satan is a mere theory now. 81.  But they believed in him once, and therefore killed people that were suspected of having to do with him. 82.  And we don’t sympathize with the persecuted witches, although we make a great fuss about the sufferings of the Reformers. 83.  The witches in Macbeth.  Some take them to be Norns. 84.  Gervinus.  His opinion. 85.  Mr. F.G.  Fleay.  His opinion. 86.  Evidence.  Simon Forman’s note. 87.  Holinshed’s account. 88.  Criticism. 89.  It is said that the appearance and powers of the sisters are not those of witches. 90.  It is going to be shown that they are. 91.  A third piece of criticism. 92.  Objections. 93.  Contemporary descriptions of witches.  Scot, Harsnet.  Witches’ beards. 94.  Have Norns chappy fingers, skinny lips, and beards? 95.  Powers of witches “looking into the seeds of time.”  Bessie Roy, how she looked into them. 96.  Meaning of first scene of “Macbeth.” 97.  Witches power to vanish.  Ointments for the purpose.  Scot’s instance of their efficacy. 98.  “Weird sisters.” 99.  Other evidence. 100.  Why Shakspere chose witches.  Command over elements. 101.  Peculiar to Scotch trials of 1590-91. 102.  Earlier case of Bessie Dunlop—­a poor, starved, half daft creature.  “Thom Reid,” and how he tempted her.  Her canny Scotch prudence.  Poor Bessie gets burnt for all that. 103.  Reason for peculiarity of trials of 1590.  James ii. comes from Denmark to Scotland.  The witches raise a storm at the instigation of the