The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.
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The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
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fl. 1570s
English mathematician who published the first detailed description of a submarine. In Inventions or Devices (1578), Bourne provided a design for an enclosed boat that could be submerged and rowed underwater. Made of a wooden framework encased in waterproofed leather, Bourne's planned submarine was to be lowered by means of hand vices, which would contract the sides and reduce its volume. Although a craft similar to Bourne's design appeared in 1605, it sank due to errors in construction. The first builder of a workable submarine was Cornelius Drebbel (1572-1633) in 1620.