James Short Encyclopedia Article

James Short

The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.

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The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: "Social Concerns", "Thematic Overview", "Techniques", "Literary Precedents", "Key Questions", "Related Titles", "Adaptations", "Related Web Sites". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.

The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.

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James Short

1710-1768

English astronomer who built some of the first telescopes to employ the design developed by French inventor Cassegrain. The Cassegrainian reflector used curved mirrors instead of lenses to concentrate light into a sharp and useable image for study. Although first designed in 1672, the technology to shape mirrors to the precise specifications needed for an effective instrument was lacking until 1740. The Cassegrainian reflector is still used today, as is its primary competitor, the Newtonian reflector.