The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.
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The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: "Social Concerns", "Thematic Overview", "Techniques", "Literary Precedents", "Key Questions", "Related Titles", "Adaptations", "Related Web Sites". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
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1848-1901
American physicist who designed precise scientific instruments. A civil engineering graduate of Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Rowland researched the magnetic behavior of metal. As Johns Hopkins University's first physics professor, he demonstrated that electric charges in motion display magnetism. He refined values for units of electrical resistance and mechanical heat. The ruling engines and concave diffraction gratings he invented enabled scientists to assess an object's physical characteristics more accurately. Rowland won awards for the solar spectrum maps his apparatuses made possible.