The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.
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The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: "Social Concerns", "Thematic Overview", "Techniques", "Literary Precedents", "Key Questions", "Related Titles", "Adaptations", "Related Web Sites". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
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1700?-1748
German physicist remembered for inventing the condenser or Kleist vial (1745). A similar device was later devised and better explained by Pieter von Musschenbroek in Leiden, Holland, thus its more common name, the Leyden jar. Attempts to explain the electric shocks Kleist and Musschenbroek received from these devices and subsequent experimental work of others indicated that the traditional view of electrical "atmospheres" was fundamentally mistaken. This led to increased efforts to quantify electrical phenomena.