The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.
(c)1998-2002; (c)2002 by Gale. Gale is an imprint of The Gale Group, Inc., a division of Thomson Learning, Inc. Gale and Design and Thomson Learning are trademarks used herein under license.
The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: "Social Concerns", "Thematic Overview", "Techniques", "Literary Precedents", "Key Questions", "Related Titles", "Adaptations", "Related Web Sites". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
All other sections in this Literature Study Guide are owned and copyrighted by BookRags, Inc.
Dose response is the relationship between the effect on living things and a stimulus from a physical, chemical, or biological source. Examples of stimuli include therapeutic drugs, pesticides, pathogens, and radiation. A quantal response occurs when the living thing either responds or does not respond to a stimulus of a given dose. Graded responses proportional to the size of the stimulus are also found in environmental applications. Some types of responses have a significant time effect. The Effective Dose for affecting 50% of a population of test subjects, ED50, and the Lethal Dose for killing 50% of a population of test subjects, LD50, are commonly used parameters for reporting the toxicity of an environmental pollutant.