The following sections of this BookRags Literature Study Guide is offprint from Gale's For Students Series: Presenting Analysis, Context, and Criticism on Commonly Studied Works: Introduction, Author Biography, Plot Summary, Characters, Themes, Style, Historical Context, Critical Overview, Criticism and Critical Essays, Media Adaptations, Topics for Further Study, Compare & Contrast, What Do I Read Next?, For Further Study, and Sources.
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The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Encyclopedia of Popular Fiction: "Social Concerns", "Thematic Overview", "Techniques", "Literary Precedents", "Key Questions", "Related Titles", "Adaptations", "Related Web Sites". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
The following sections, if they exist, are offprint from Beacham's Guide to Literature for Young Adults: "About the Author", "Overview", "Setting", "Literary Qualities", "Social Sensitivity", "Topics for Discussion", "Ideas for Reports and Papers". (c)1994-2005, by Walton Beacham.
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c. 854-c. 925 or 935
Persian physician and alchemist who was a director of hospitals and who wrote books on smallpox, measles, and comprehensive manuals collecting ancient Greek medical knowledge. He was also a philosopher and religious critic. These writings are now lost, but his religious criticisms made him the enemy of many. He was perceived to have radical views that praised science over religion, Plato over Aristotle, and that criticized Galen. His reputation declined under repeated attacks until his medical works were translated into Latin and proved popular in Europe.