Culture and values refer to the shared social practices, relations and beliefs of a community of people. A text may be embedded with a writer's values or represent a particular culture in different perspectives. In the texts `The English Patient' by Michael Ondaatje, `Heart of Darkness' by Joseph Conrad and the stimulus material, cultures and values, especially those of Europeans and its effects on other cultures and values are represented in a variety of ways. In each text, the characters, settings, narratology and themes show how culture and values are being represented.

Ondaatje uses `The English Patient' and its characters to show the importance of culture and values in ones identity. The characters Caravaggio, the English patient, Hana and...