In the discussion of whether modern societies do represent "progress" over traditional societies, we go back to the one of the earliest foundations of the modernization theory. To enumerate briefly, a traditional society is commonly described as "primitive", "backward", having "rigid social structures" and whose economies are limited to "rural and agricultural levels." These characteristics are said to have a disadvantageous effect upon the development of a society. After WWII, when the gap between developed and under-developed countries were seen to be widening, solutions were proposed by social scientists in order to effect economic improvements or to elevate the status of the said traditional societies...