Shahada is a saying which means that Muhammad is the only god, his prophet also. People sometimes add to this phrase, and Ali ibn Abi Talib is the friend of god. Shahada is sometimes muttered in Muslim prayers.

The Salat are five daily prayers Muslims have to do. You must take a bath or a shower before this ritual. The praying would take place before sunrise, at noon, in the middle of the afternoon, immediately after sunset, and at midnight. Mainstream Shia Muslims unite noon and afternoon prayers. They also combined the sunset and midnight prayers. This gave them a total of three prayers a day.

The Saum is a time when adult Muslims do not eat or drink from sun-up to sun-down. This is called a fast. Muslims do this once a year...