prescribeth cures of the mind in frenzies and melancholy
passions, and pretendeth also to exhibit medicines
to exhilarate the mind, to control the courage, to
clarify the wits, to corroborate the memory, and the
like; but the scruples and superstitions of diet and
other regiment of the body in the sect of the Pythagoreans,
in the heresy of the Manichees, and in the law of
Mahomet, do exceed. So likewise the ordinances
in the ceremonial law, interdicting the eating of
the blood and the fat, distinguishing between beasts
clean and unclean for meat, are many and strict; nay,
the faith itself being clear and serene from all clouds
of ceremony, yet retaineth the use of fastlings, abstinences,
and other macerations and humiliations of the body,
as things real, and not figurative. The root
and life of all which prescripts is (besides the ceremony)
the consideration of that dependency which the affections
of the mind are submitted unto upon the state and
disposition of the body. And if any man of weak
judgment do conceive that this suffering of the mind
from the body doth either question the immortality,
or derogate from the sovereignty of the soul, he may
be taught, in easy instances, that the infant in the
mother’s womb is compatible with the mother,
and yet separable; and the most absolute monarch is
sometimes led by his servants, and yet without subjection.
As for the reciprocal knowledge, which is the operation
of the conceits and passions of the mind upon the body,
we see all wise physicians, in the prescriptions of
their regiments to their patients, do ever consider
accidentia animi, as of great force to further or
hinder remedies or recoveries: and more specially
it is an inquiry of great depth and worth concerning
imagination, how and how far it altereth the body
proper of the imaginant; for although it hath a manifest
power to hurt, it followeth not it hath the same degree
of power to help. No more than a man can conclude,
that because there be pestilent airs, able suddenly
to kill a man in health, therefore there should be
sovereign airs, able suddenly to cure a man in sickness.
But the inquisition of this part is of great use,
though it needeth, as Socrates said, “a Delian
diver,” being difficult and profound.
But unto all this knowledge de communi vinculo, of
the concordances between the mind and the body, that
part of inquiry is most necessary which considereth
of the seats and domiciles which the several faculties
of the mind do take and occupate in the organs of
the body; which knowledge hath been attempted, and
is controverted, and deserveth to be much better inquired.
For the opinion of Plato, who placed the understanding
in the brain, animosity (which he did unfitly call
anger, having a greater mixture with pride) in the
heart, and concupiscence or sensuality in the liver,
deserveth not to be despised, but much less to be
allowed. So, then, we have constituted (as in
our own wish and advice) the inquiry touching human
nature entire, as a just portion of knowledge to be
handled apart.


