After supper they had a concert, accompanied by Hussey on his “indispensable banjo.”  This banjo was the last thing to be saved off the ship before she sank, and I took it with us as a mental tonic.  It was carried all the way through with us, and landed on Elephant Island practically unharmed, and did much to keep the men cheerful.  Nearly every Saturday night such a concert was held, when each one sang a song about some other member of the party.  If that other one objected to some of the remarks, a worse one was written for the next week.

The cook, who had carried on so well and for so long, was given a rest on August 9, and each man took it in turns to be cook for one week.  As the cook and his “mate” had the privilege of scraping out the saucepans, there was some anxiety to secure the job, especially amongst those with the larger appetites.  “The last of the methylated spirit was drunk on August 12, and from then onwards the King’s health, ‘sweethearts and wives,’ and ’the Boss and crew of the ‘Caird’,’ were drunk in hot water and ginger every Saturday night.”

The penguins and seals which had migrated north at the beginning of winter had not yet returned, or else the ice-foot, which surrounded the spit to a thickness of six feet, prevented them from coming ashore, so that food was getting short.  Old seal-bones, that had been used once for a meal and then thrown away, were dug up and stewed down with sea-water.  Penguin carcasses were treated likewise.  Limpets were gathered from the pools disclosed between the rocks below high tide, after the pack-ice had been driven away.  It was a cold job gathering these little shell-fish, as for each one the whole hand and arm had to be plunged into the icy water, and many score of these small creatures had to be collected to make anything of a meal.  Seaweed boiled in sea-water was used to eke out the rapidly diminishing stock of seal and penguin meat.  This did not agree with some of the party.  Though it was acknowledged to be very tasty it only served to increase their appetite—­a serious thing when there was nothing to satisfy it with!  One man remarked in his diary:  “We had a sumptuous meal to-day—­nearly five ounces of solid food each.”

It is largely due to Wild, and to his energy, initiative, and resource, that the whole party kept cheerful all along, and, indeed, came out alive and so well.  Assisted by the two surgeons, Drs. McIlroy and Macklin, he had ever a watchful eye for the health of each one.  His cheery optimism never failed, even when food was very short and the prospect of relief seemed remote.  Each one in his diary speaks with admiration of him.  I think without doubt that all the party who were stranded on Elephant Island owe their lives to him.  The demons of depression could find no foothold when he was around; and, not content with merely “telling,” he was “doing” as much as, and very often more than, the rest.  He showed wonderful capabilities of leadership and more than justified the absolute confidence that I placed in him.  Hussey, with his cheeriness and his banjo, was another vital factor in chasing away any tendency to downheartedness.